Studies On Regional Test And In Vitro Culture Of Hardy Mei Flower(Prunus Mume) Cultivars

Regional tests and tissue culture of hardy Mei flower (Prunus mume) cultivars were studied . The results are showing as follows.1 'Yanxing' was the hardiest one among the hardy cultivars in the regional test, and 'Fenghou', 'Dan Fenghou', 'Songchun' and 'Meiren' mei were lying in the next place, could be cultivated well in Beijing, Taiyuan, Lanzhou, Yan'an and Shenyang. Baotou and Changchun were the potential places for their living. 'Zhongshan Xing' mei could behave well in Beijing and Taiyuan . There was great possibility for 'Mihua Jiang'Mei living in Yan'an, Lanzhou and Taiyuan . 'Sanlun Yudie' and 'Fuban Tiaozhi' could not adapt to the northward macroclimate, that suffered by cold injuries slightly when newly planted a few years in Beijing.2 The behavior of plants in regional test was affected strikingly by plant age and growing status. Although the chock point was the climate during winter and early spring for hardy cultivars, the whole yearly climate and other environment or factors could not be ignored.3 The adaptable regions in "Three-North" Regions for the hardy cultivars were selected by using the "System for Adaptable Regions Analysis", in which Beijing (whole year) and Wuhan (from Feb. to May) were the center. The adaptable cultivars and their possible behavior in 'Three-North' Regions were estimated by combining the result of regional test and system analysis. The North-line for the hardiest cultivar planting in China was restricted by using the "System for Adaptable Regions Analysis", in which Chifeng was the center.4 The results of 15 cultivars in vitro showed that the trait of cultivars in vitro had the common ground with the germplasm and evolvement rule of cultivars in some degrees, which had the same trend with "Dual Classification System" for ornamental cultivars.5 The in vitro system was established for four cultivars. The suitable inducement and proliferation medium for 'Hua Hudie' was MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05 mg/L, and the suitable rooting medium was 1/2MS+NAA0.5 mg/L. For 'Meiren', 'Xiao Meiren' and 'HeiMeiren' mei, the media were WPM+BA1 mg/L +NAA0.1 mg/L and WPM+NAA0.5 mg/L respectively.6 In the leaves of 'Meiren' mei in vitro, effect of different hormones on the dedifferentiation and rededifferentiation of leaves was studied and cytological observations conducted. The result showed that BA restrained the inducement of callus, NAA could directly induced roots from leaves and 2,4-D could induce globular callus. Somatic embryogenesis would appear if only 2,4-D and B A were used in medium at the same time. The most suitable medium for somatic embryogenesis was WPM+ TDZ0.2 mg/L +2,4-Dl mg/L +NAA0.5mg/L+ L-glutamine 50mg/L + casein hydrolyze 1000 mg/L + sucrose 30g/L. By cytological observations somatic embryogenesis was found in calli interior, and it was initiated from single cell. The different stages (Globular embryo, Torpedo-shaped embryo, Heart-shaped embryo and Cotyledon stage embryoid) of embryo developing were found, but there was no form change on the surface of calli.