| The ecological environment is the basic conditions for human survival and development. It is a basic principle for our country's modernization to protect the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development. With the development of economy, our country's highway construction is in an increasingly accelerated process and has made remarkable achievements .However, the majority of projects focuses on highway engineering ,neglects the visual and psychological feelings of the public people and the drivers on both sides of the highway, Which makes the ecological environment, the landscape and the living environment in roads surrounding areas become deterioration .It also greatly influenced the landscape ecological quality along the road and is harmful to the coordination and sustainable development between our country's highway construction and ecological landscape environment. So it is the most urgent task for highway construction currently to make investigation and research on the ecological status before and after road construction, to explore a set of road ecological landscape technology which complies with the laws of nature, to solve the ecological problems in road environment.Basing on the analysis of relevant domestic and abroad research, this paper defines and describes the objectives of researches, and also analysis systematically the impact of road ecosystems and highway landscape which is caused by road construction. It provides technical reference and technical foundation to supply a standard definition about the road ecosystem for our country, and to deeply research of road ecological impact.We research the design method about highway ecological landscape from three aspects :the feasibility study report, the preliminary design stage and detailed design stage .Based on analyzing systematically the basis elements of corridor route, We propose methods about identification, analysis and selection of the route corridor and solve the problem of lack of choices for road corridors with operational method and procedure .We propose methods about highway ecological line selection based on GIS and CAD, Guaranteeing route program reasonable from the ecological point of view .We propose design methods about ecological landscape for detailed design stage, which supply the advanced technical support for detail design about highway ecological landscape.We research systematically the method of the highway ecological Recognition based on RS and GIS, propose the theory and methods of the highway ecological Recognition , Which supplies the principle guidance and practical approach to identify the highway ecological information by using RS and GIS technologies .After studying the way of remote sensing images of the non-supervised classification methods and GIS-based spatial overlay analysis, we increase the rationality and accuracy of ecological information extraction, classification and analysis, which supply strong technical support and technical methods for analysis the changes of ecological conditions before and after highway construction objectively, comprehensively and accurately.Based on the domestic and international analyzing to diagnostic methods of ecosystem degradation currently, strategies and flow of road -region ecosystem degradation diagnostic are proposed, and a foundation for the reasonable diagnosis system will be set up. According to RS investigate and the results of the analysis of GIS, some evaluation methods and models of ecosystem degradation level are proposed and the normalized coefficient suited to this study is obtained basing on analyzing the decision of the normalized coefficient in the evaluation index. It enhances the precision and rationality and creates the conditions for reflecting ecological degradation after the highway construction more truly.This paper presents the ideas of highway comprehensive ecological restoration systems , determines different sections and different methods of ecological restoration , such as: embankment, interchange Area, service area, bridge district, tunnel area, residue field, gravel yard and so on. It establish a highway comprehensive ecological restoration system in which the native plants and wild plants as the mainstay, also, it provides operable technical support for depth studying and developing native plants, for promoting the healthy development of road-region ecosystem and Realizing the unification of road safety domain, ecological and landscape effects.By studying systematically the restoration technology of Highway slope greening, biotype highway sound barrier, control measures of road runoff pollution and the integration methods of road-region landscape, ecological and cultural ,we gives the choice framework of highway slope greening recovery technology and provides reference for the selecting of highway slope green technology ;we gives the sound barrier technology which is suitable for highway ,stimulates the Biological sound barrier in ecologically sensitive point to spread, use and makes sound barrier technology enhanced further; we gives suitable highway runoff pollution control measures and provides technical support for enhancing the anti -pollution level of the highway, extending the road life greatly, runoff are brought forward; and finally, we gives methods and recommendations of integrating road-region landscape, ecological and cultural ,provides a harmonious, green and Human culture design concept for our highway construction project's landscape structure.
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