| In the status of water resources shortage, it is difficult to solve the problem of water resources allocation in time and space by traditional approach. It is an very complex problem to optimize reservoir operation and water quatity allocation. The main research contens are as follows:(l)Based on the analys of historical measurement data, low flow simulation is researched. An linear equation relationship is established, in consider of water diversion, evaporation and infiltration, branch inflow.(2)An new concept is proposed, i.e. ecological volume of reservoir, based on the analys of ecological water demand. The corresponding calculation method is constructed by means of runoff regulation principle.(3)By means of fuzzy mathematics, an fuzzy aggregation method of different flood is established. Rectangle and normal distribution is choosed as subjection function respectively former and later flood period. (4)Time intervals are decentralized to three scales: mooth, ten days and a day. The optimum objective is to minimize water shortage for different users in constraint of ecological and economical water demand. (5)The established models are applied in Yellow River. The results show that water flow simulation and optimization models are better than others. It can be used in practice.
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