Study On The Risk Assessment And Risk Management Of Soil Pollution During Urban Land Replacement

Urban soil is one of the main components of urban ecological environment, which has a very important ecological, environmental and economic function, and meanwhile, it is the sources and sinks of pollutants. With the development of industry and urbanization, the quality of urban soil environment has becoming more and more serious, which directly or indirectly affect the quality of the urban environment and human health. Especially, since urban restructure and urban space arrangement, the emergence of potential soil risk brought by a large number of contaminated lands, which locate on the urban center but just be in abandonment, be in unused or used ineffectively. has been received serious attention. Nowadays, under the background of high-speed urbanization and shortage of land resource in urban center, the development of city land substitution has become a more important means, but the severity of urban soil pollution has been an important restrictive factor for land replacement.With the practice and development of contaminated land replacement for 20 years, many countries have formed a complete system on the identification, assessment, and management of contaminated land. While the study of urban soil in our country has just been on the agenda in recent years and the environmental management theory and method of urban soil pollution has lagged behind the atmosphere and water aspects. How to control and manage these problems effectively is the main question of realizing the sustainability of cities for discussion. On the basis of it, the paper focuses on the soil pollution problem during land replacement, using risk assessment and risk management as a tool of policy analysis and management, integrating of theory study and case study, urban soil pollution risk during the process of land replacement are discussed The result of the paper is of great theoretical and practical significance to environmental management of urban soil pollution during land replacement. The main research contents and conclusions can be summarized as the following:(1) The practice and theory of contaminated land replacement in international countries are analyzed deeply, such as superfund of America, contaminated land policy of European countries, contaminated land management system of Japan, and NCSRP of Canada. et al. By comparison, problems such as the management organization and function arrangement, law system, technique methods and the definition of liability of polluters, are considered to be the main weakness of urban soil pollution control and management. Some inspirations are droved, such as effective urban land use planning, impartial and reasonable economic responsibility definition, appropriate mechanism of financing, flexible soil pollution remediation target, approviated division of contaminated land risk assessment degree, and effective stakeholders' involvement, which could be used for reference of the contaminated land replacement management in our country.