| This paper mained focused on the isolation, purification and characterization of polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa, the antitumor activities both in vitro and in vivo, immunomodulating function and anti-oxidation effects of crude polysaccharide and the fractions were also systematically studied. The main results were shown as follows:1 Isolation, purification and characterization of polysaccharide from Grifola frondosaCrude polysaccharide(PGF) was obtained by boiling water extraction and ethanol precipitation from fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa. When the total material liquid ratio was 1:20(2:2:3), extraction time was 10h(2:2:3, extracting 3 times), concentrates specific gravity was 1.035 and the ethanol concentrate was 80%, the yield was 13.34%, which was the highest.2 homogeneous fractions(PGF-l, PGF-2) and 2 heterogeneous fractions (PGF-3, PGF-4) were obtained by Sevag deprotein and DEAE-Sepahadex A-25 chromatography from PFG. The Neutral sugar content of PGF-1 ~PGF-4 were 97.22% , 95.37%, 92.83 %, 88.71%, and the protein content were 1.13%, 2.25%, 4.73%, 8.86%, respectively. Capillary gas chromatography showed that PGF-1 was glucan, PGF-2, PGF-3 and PGF-4 were composed of glucose, mannose and galactose, the corresponding molar ratio were 1:2.35:1.22, 1:0.35:0.24 and 1:0.22:0.38, respectively. Infrared spectra and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed 4 fractions mainly contained a -glucosidic bonds, PGF-2 also contained B - glucosidic bonds. Ultraviolet spectra and 3 -elimination reaction suggested that there are O-glucosidic linkage between sugars and amino acids in 4 fractions, and it exits O-Ser linkage in PGF-2. 4 fractions can form complexes with Congo Red, but it cannot be confirmed that they were helix form.2 The antitumor activity and antitumor mechanism of polysaccharide from Grifola frondosaPGF, PGF-1, PGF-2 and PGF-4 showed potent antitumor activity on S180 in vitro, there are little difference in antitumor activity among 4 polysaccharides when the dosage was 0.04-4ug/well, PGF and PGF-1 had stronger activity than PGF-2 and PGF-4 when the dosage was 0.004ug/well. 4 polysaccharides showed inhibitoy effect on sialic acid content of tumor cell membrane when incubating with S180 cells. 3 polysaccharide fractions (PGF-1, PGF-2 and PGF-4) showed inhibitory effects on the changes of tumor cell membrane fluidity, but PGF did not show this ability. 4 polysaccharides coulddecrease the arachidonic acid content of tumor cell membrane.When PGF and PGF-1 were taken orally by S180 mice at the dosage of 50~150 mg/kg d, the inhibition rate of S180 were 26.95%-37.59% and 20.57% -34.75%, respectively, the inhibitory activity of PGF-1 was lower than that of PGF at the same dosage. PGF and PGF-1 show little influence on the activity of mice serum lactic dehydrogenase, but they can increase the activity of red blood cell catalase significantly of tumor-bearing mice. The 2 polysaccharides could increase the weight of thymus in tumor-bearing mice obviously, but they could not increase the spleen weight significantly. The 2 polysaccharides could also increase peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis, splenic lymphocyte proliferation, delayed type hypersensity induced by 2,4-dinitro-fluorobenzene, splenic antibody formation, serum IgM hemolysin content markedly in tumor-bearing mice, which indicated that they can increase both specific and non-sepcific immune function in tumor-bearing mice. 3 The anti-oxidation effect of polysaccharide from Grifola fondosaThe crude polsaccharide and 4 fractions had obvious inhibitory effects on free radicals of O and O2-, and showed dosage-effect relationship. The medium inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of PGF, PGF-1, PGF-2, PGF-3 and PGF-4 on OH were 1.45 mg/mh 1.88 mg/mh 1.72 mg/mh 5.69 mg/ml and 0.61mg/ml; the IC50 on O2 were 442.62ug/mh 588.89ug/mh 700.53ug/mh 458.45ug/ml and 375.29ug/ml, respectively.The crude polsaccharide and 4 fractions could reduce the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) generated by mice liver juice during warm-bathing and...
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