Green Synthetic Methodologies Based On Molecular Lodine And Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Green synthetic methodologies are of great valve in both academic and industrial areas because of their environmental friendly features and the reduction of various wastes after the reactions.This thesis mainly focuses on green synthetic methodologies based on molecular iodine and copper oxide nanoparticles and the applications of these two methodologies in the construction of quinazoline sketch.Firstly, we have developed a novel, green and highly efficient non-metal catalytic oxidation system based on molecular iodine and exploited its application in organic synthesis. The oxidation of methylenes to ketones and the oxidation of amines to nitriles are two important and useful organic transformations, which are traditionally achieved with stoichiometric metal oxidants or metal catalysts. Still now there are little practical approaches for these transformations in view of being suitable for organic synthesis. Our catalytic oxidation system can be used for the synthesis of ketones and nitriles efficiently and environmental friendly, no metal was involved in the reaction. Besides, quinazolines derivatives are ubiquitous in various natural products, and have drawn much attention for their various biological and medicinal activities. Traditional approaches for the synthesis of quinazolines mainly depended on the availability of special starting materials, as well as limited by harsh conditions and tedious procedures. Our non-metal system can be used for the synthesis of quinazolines from new starting materials in one step. The reaction procedure is quite simple and the reaction conditions are quite mild. This approach for the synthesis of quinazolines has important potential applications in large scale synthesis and medicinal area.On the other hand, the distinct properties of nano materials have been well studied for decades, and to exploit the applications of nano materials in organic synthesis is an important part of green chemistry. We employed copper oxide nanoparticles as efficient catalysts for the coupling of phenols with halogeno benzenes under ligand free and organic additives free conditions. The catalyst can be reused for 5 times with the catalytic activity remained, which facilitated the purification of products and minimized of metal traces in the products. Finally, supported copper oxide nanoparticles on various supports were also proved to be efficient catalysts for the synthesis of quinazolines for 2-aminoketones and benzylic amines.